What is secondary storage in computing?

Secondary storage refers to a type of storage that retains data permanently, unlike primary memory, which is usually volatile and only holds data temporarily while a computer is powered on. Secondary storage is designed for long-term data retention and is where files, applications, and operating systems are stored when they are not in use. This can include hard drives, solid-state drives, optical disks, and other various forms of media.

This form of storage is essential for managing large volumes of data because it enables users to save their work and keep software and files accessible over time, even when the computer is turned off. Unlike the other options, which describe types of memory that either provide temporary storage or are designed for quick access without the capacity for permanence, secondary storage fulfills the need for a large capacity long-term solution. It plays a critical role in data management, backup, and retrieval.