How are colors defined in HTML?

Colors in HTML can be defined using various methods, including hexadecimal codes. Hexadecimal color codes are a six-digit combination of numbers and letters that represent the red, green, and blue components of a color, encoded in base-16. Each pair of characters corresponds to the intensity of the red, green, or blue component, where the values range from 00 to FF in hexadecimal notation.

For example, the color white is represented as #FFFFFF, meaning full intensity of red, green, and blue, while black is represented as #000000, indicating no intensity in any color components. The use of hexadecimal is popular in web design and development because it can compactly represent colors and is widely supported across different browsers.

While RGB values (which are also valid for defining colors in HTML) and other methods can be used, the option of hexadecimal codes is particularly noteworthy due to its concise format and historical significance in web development.